Research
- Numerous international scientific groups have reproduced the finding that bone marrow cells give rise to sperm generating cells
- Bone marrow stem cells into the testes in small mammals treat a deficiency of germ cells (precursors of sperm cells), Sertoli cells (cells that aid in sperm development) and/or Leydig cells (testosterone-producing cells)
- 3 international human studies underway


A segment of seminiferous tubule squashed from UBC-GFP transgenic mouse shows GFP-positive cells (A) and spermatozoa (B) visualized under fluorescent microscope. Note green cytoplasmic droplets on spermatozoa (arrows). Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 10 μm (B).
References
- Lue et al. Am J Pathol. 2007 Mar; 170(3): 899–908. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1864883/
- http://www.harriswilliams.com/sites/default/files/content/fertility_industry_overview_-_2015.05.19_v10.pdf
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4424520/
- Tamadon et al. Int J Stem Cells. 2015 Nov;8(2):134-45. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26634062
- Zhang et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Jul 24;15(8):13151-65. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25062349
- Aghamir et al. Urology. 2014 Jul;84(1):82-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24797037
- Drusenheimer et al. Soc Reprod Fertil Suppl. 2007;63:69-76. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17566262